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Contents Listing

Preface



1. Router Configuration and File Management

1.1 Configuring the Router via TFTP

1.2 Saving Router Configuration to Server

1.3 Booting the Router Using a Remote Configuration File

1.4 Storing Configuration Files Larger than NVRAM

1.5 Clearing the Startup Configuration

1.6 Loading a New IOS Image

1.7 Booting a Different IOS Image

1.8 Booting Over the Network

1.9 Copying an IOS Image to a Server

1.10 Copying an IOS Image Through the Console

1.11 Deleting Files from Flash

1.12 Partitioning Flash

1.13 Using the Router as a TFTP Server

1.14 Using FTP from the Router

1.15 Generating Large Numbers of Router Configurations

1.16 Changing the Configurations of Many Routers at Once

1.17 Extracting Hardware Inventory Information

1.18 Backing Up Router Configurations



2. Router Management

2.1 Creating Command Aliases

2.2 Managing the Router's ARP Cache

2.3 Tuning Router Buffers

2.4 Using the Cisco Discovery Protocol

2.5 Disabling the Cisco Discovery Protocol

2.6 Using the Small Servers

2.7 Enabling HTTP Access to a Router

2.8 Using Static Hostname Tables

2.9 Enabling Domain Name Services

2.10 Disabling Domain Name Lookups

2.11 Specifying a Router Reload Time

2.12 Creating Exception Dump Files

2.13 Generating a Report of Interface Information

2.14 Generating a Report of Routing Table Information

2.15 Generating a Report of ARP Table Information

2.16 Generating a Server Host Table File



3. User Access and Privilege Levels

3.1 Setting Up User IDs

3.2 Encrypting Passwords

3.3 Using Better Encryption Techniques

3.4 Removing Passwords from a Router Configuration File

3.5 Deciphering Cisco's Weak Password Encryption

3.6 Displaying Active Users

3.7 Sending Messages to Other Users

3.8 Changing the Number of VTYs

3.9 Changing VTY Timeouts

3.10 Restricting VTY Access by Protocol

3.11 Enabling Absolute Timeouts on VTY Lines

3.12 Implementing Banners

3.13 Disabling Banners on a Port

3.14 Disabling Router Lines

3.15 Reserving a VTY Port for Administrative Access

3.16 Restricting Inbound Telnet Access

3.17 Logging Telnet Access

3.18 Setting the Source Address for Telnet

3.19 Automating the Login Sequence

3.20 Using SSH for Secure Access

3.21 Changing the Privilege Level of IOS Commands

3.22 Defining Per-User Privileges

3.23 Defining Per-Port Privileges



4. TACACS+

4.1 Authenticating Login IDs from a Central System

4.2 Restricting Command Access

4.3 Losing Access to the TACACS+ Server

4.4 Disabling TACACS+ Authentication on a Particular Line

4.5 Capturing User Keystrokes

4.6 Logging System Events

4.7 Setting the IP Source Address for TACACS+ Messages

4.8 Obtaining Free TACACS+ Server Software

4.9 Sample Server Configuration Files



5. IP Routing

5.1 Finding an IP Route

5.2 Finding Types of IP Routes

5.3 Converting Different Mask Formats

5.4 Using Static Routing

5.5 Floating Static Routes

5.6 Using Policy-Based Routing to Route Based on Source Address

5.7 Using Policy-Based Routing to Route Based on Application Type

5.8 Examining Policy-Based Routing

5.9 Changing Administrative Distances

5.10 Routing Over Multiple Paths with Equal Costs



6. RIP

6.1 Configuring RIP Version 1

6.2 Filtering Routes with RIP

6.3 Redistributing Static Routes into RIP

6.4 Redistributing Routes Using Route Maps

6.5 Creating a Default Route in RIP

6.6 Disabling RIP on an Interface

6.7 Unicast Updates for RIP

6.8 Applying Offsets to Routes

6.9 Adjusting Timers

6.10 Configuring Interpacket Delay

6.11 Enabling Triggered Updates

6.12 Increasing the RIP Input Queue

6.13 Configuring RIP Version 2

6.14 Enabling RIP Authentication

6.15 RIP Route Summarization

6.16 Route Tagging



7. EIGRP

7.1 Configuring EIGRP

7.2 Filtering Routes with EIGRP

7.3 Redistributing Routes into EIGRP

7.4 Redistributing Routes into EIGRP Using Route Maps

7.5 Creating a Default Route in EIGRP

7.6 Disabling EIGRP on an Interface

7.7 EIGRP Route Summarization

7.8 Adjusting EIGRP Metrics

7.9 Adjusting Timers

7.10 Enabling EIGRP Authentication

7.11 Logging EIGRP Neighbor State Changes

7.12 Limiting EIGRP's Bandwidth Utilization

7.13 EIGRP Stub Routing

7.14 Route Tagging

7.15 Viewing EIGRP Status



8. OSPF

8.1 Configuring OSPF

8.2 Filtering Routes in OSPF

8.3 Adjusting OSPF Costs

8.4 Creating a Default Route in OSPF

8.5 Redistributing Static Routes into OSPF

8.6 Redistributing External Routes into OSPF

8.7 Manipulating DR Selection

8.8 Setting the OSPF RID

8.9 Enabling OSPF Authentication

8.10 Selecting the Appropriate Area Types

8.11 Summarizing Routes in OSPF

8.12 Disabling OSPF on Certain Interfaces

8.13 OSPF Route Tagging

8.14 Logging OSPF Adjacency Changes

8.15 Adjusting OSPF Timers

8.16 Viewing OSPF Status with Domain Names

8.17 Debugging OSPF



9. BGP

9.1 Configuring BGP

9.2 Using eBGP Multihop

9.3 Adjusting the Next-Hop Attribute

9.4 Connecting to Two ISPs

9.5 Connecting to Two ISPs with Redundant Routers

9.6 Restricting Networks Advertised to a BGP Peer

9.7 Adjusting Local Preference Values

9.8 Load Balancing

9.9 Removing Private ASNs from the AS Path

9.10 Filtering BGP Routes Based on AS Paths

9.11 Reducing the Size of the Received Routing Table

9.12 Summarizing Outbound Routing Information

9.13 Prepending ASNs to the AS Path

9.14 Redistributing Routes with BGP

9.15 Using Peer Groups

9.16 Authenticating BGP Peers

9.17 Putting It All Together



10. Frame Relay

10.1 Setting Up Frame Relay with Point-to-Point Subinterfaces

10.2 Adjusting LMI Options

10.3 Setting Up Frame Relay with Map Statements

10.4 Using Multipoint Subinterfaces

10.5 Configuring Frame Relay SVCs

10.6 Simulating a Frame Relay Cloud

10.7 Compressing Frame Relay Data on a Subinterface

10.8 Compressing Frame Relay Data with Maps

10.9 Viewing Frame Relay Status Information



11. Queueing and Congestion

11.1 Fast Switching and CEF

11.2 Setting the DSCP or TOS Field

11.3 Using Priority Queueing

11.4 Using Custom Queueing

11.5 Using Custom Queues with Priority Queues

11.6 Using Weighted Fair Queueing

11.7 Using Class-Based Weighted Fair Queueing

11.8 Controlling Congestion with WRED

11.9 Using RSVP

11.10 Using Generic Traffic Shaping

11.11 Using Frame-Relay Traffic Shaping

11.12 Using Committed Access Rate

11.13 Implementing Standards-Based Per-Hop Behavior

11.14 Viewing Queue Parameters



12. Tunnels and VPNs

12.1 Creating a Tunnel

12.2 Tunneling Foreign Protocols in IP

12.3 Tunneling with Dynamic Routing Protocols

12.4 Viewing Tunnel Status

12.5 Creating an Encrypted Router-to-Router VPN

12.6 Generating RSA Keys

12.7 Creating a Router-to-Router VPN with RSA Keys

12.8 Creating a VPN Between a Workstation and a Router

12.9 Check IPSec Protocol Status



13. Dial Backup

13.1 Automating Dial Backup

13.2 Using Dialer Interfaces

13.3 Using an Async Modem on the AUX Port

13.4 Using Backup Interfaces

13.5 Using Dialer Watch

13.6 Ensuring Proper Disconnection

13.7 View Dial Backup Status

13.8 Debugging Dial Backup



14. NTP and Time

14.1 Timestamping Router Logs

14.2 Setting the Time

14.3 Setting the Time Zone

14.4 Adjusting for Daylight Saving Time

14.5 Synchronizing the Time on All Routers (NTP)

14.6 Configuring NTP Redundancy

14.7 Setting the Router as the NTP Master for the Network

14.8 Changing NTP Synchronization Periods

14.9 Using NTP to Send Periodic Broadcast Time Updates

14.10 Using NTP to Send Periodic Multicast Time Updates

14.11 Enabling and Disabling NTP Per Interface

14.12 NTP Authentication

14.13 Limiting the Number of Peers

14.14 Restricting Peers

14.15 Setting the Clock Period

14.16 Checking the NTP Status

14.17 Debugging NTP



15. DLSw

15.1 Configuring DLSw

15.2 Using DLSw to Bridge Between Ethernet and Token Ring

15.3 Converting Ethernet and Token Ring MAC Addresses

15.4 Configuring SDLC

15.5 Configuring SDLC for Multidrop Connections

15.6 Using STUN

15.7 Using BSTUN

15.8 Controlling DLSw Packet Fragmentation

15.9 Tagging DLSw Packets for QoS

15.10 Supporting SNA Priorities

15.11 DLSw+ Redundancy and Fault Tolerance

15.12 Viewing DLSw Status Information

15.13 Viewing SDLC Status Information

15.14 Debugging DSLw



16. Router Interfaces and Media

16.1 Viewing Interface Status

16.2 Configuring Serial Interfaces

16.3 Using an Internal T1 CSU/DSU

16.4 Using an Internal ISDN PRI Module

16.5 Using an Internal 56Kbps CSU/DSU

16.6 Configuring an Async Serial Interface

16.7 Configuring ATM Subinterfaces

16.8 Setting Payload Scrambling on an ATM Circuit

16.9 Configuring Ethernet Interface Features

16.10 Configuring Token Ring Interface Features

16.11 Connecting VLAN Trunks With ISL

16.12 Connecting VLAN Trunks with 802.1Q



17. Simple Network Management Protocol

17.1 Configuring SNMP

17.2 Extracting Router Information via SNMP Tools

17.3 Recording Important Router Information for SNMP Access

17.4 Extracting Inventory Information from a List of Routerswith SNMP

17.5 Using Access Lists to Protect SNMP Access

17.6 Logging Unauthorized SNMP Attempts

17.7 Limiting MIB Access

17.8 Using SNMP to Modify a Router's Running Configuration

17.9 Using SNMP to Copy a New IOS Image

17.10 Using SNMP to Perform Mass Configuration Changes

17.11 Preventing Unauthorized Configuration Modifications

17.12 Making Interface Table Numbers Permanent

17.13 Enabling SNMP Traps and Informs

17.14 Sending syslog Messages as SNMP Traps and Informs

17.15 Setting SNMP Packet Size

17.16 Setting SNMP Queue Size

17.17 Setting SNMP Timeout Values

17.18 Disabling Link Up/Down Traps per Interface

17.19 Setting the IP Source Address for SNMP Traps

17.20 Using RMON to Send Traps

17.21 Enabling SNMPv3

17.22 Using SAA



18. Logging

18.1 Enabling Local Router Logging

18.2 Setting the Log Size

18.3 Clearing the Router's Log

18.4 Sending Log Messages to Your Screen

18.5 Using a Remote Log Server

18.6 Enabling Syslog on a Unix Server

18.7 Changing the Default Log Facility

18.8 Restricting What Log Messages Are Sent to the Server

18.9 Setting the IP Source Address for Syslog Messages

18.10 Logging Router Syslog Messages in Different Files

18.11 Maintaining Syslog Files on the Server

18.12 Testing the Syslog Sever Configuration

18.13 Preventing the Most Common Messages from Being Logged

18.14 Rate-Limiting Syslog Traffic



19. Access Lists

19.1 Filtering by Source or Destination IP Address

19.2 Adding a Comment to an ACL

19.3 Filtering by Application

19.4 Filtering Based on TCP Header Flags

19.5 Restricting TCP Session Direction

19.6 Filtering Multiport Applications

19.7 Filtering Based on DSCP and TOS

19.8 Logging when an Access List Is Used

19.9 Logging TCP Sessions

19.10 Analyzing ACL Log Entries

19.11 Using Named and Reflexive Access Lists

19.12 Dealing with Passive Mode FTP

19.13 Using Context-Based Access Lists



20. DHCP

20.1 Using IP Helper Addresses for DHCP

20.2 Limiting the Impact of IP Helper Addresses

20.3 Using DHCP to Dynamically Configure Router IP Addresses

20.4 Dynamically Allocating Client IP Addresses via DHCP

20.5 Defining DHCP Configuration Options

20.6 Defining DHCP Lease Periods

20.7 Allocating Static IP Addresses with DHCP

20.8 Configuring a DHCP Database Client

20.9 Configuring Multiple DHCP Servers per Subnet

20.10 Showing DHCP Status

20.11 Debugging DHCP



21. NAT

21.1 Configuring Basic NAT Functionality

21.2 Allocating External Addresses Dynamically

21.3 Allocating External Addresses Statically

21.4 Translating Some Addresses Statically and Others Dynamically

21.5 Translating in Both Directions Simultaneously

21.6 Rewriting the Network Prefix

21.7 Adjusting NAT Timers

21.8 Changing TCP Ports for FTP

21.9 Checking NAT Status

21.10 Debugging NAT



22. Hot Standby Router Protocol

22.1 Configuring Basic HSRP Functionality

22.2 Using HSRP Preempt

22.3 Making HSRP React to Problems on Other Interfaces

22.4 Load Balancing with HSRP

22.5 Redirecting ICMP with HSRP

22.6 Manipulating HSRP Timers

22.7 Using HSRP on a Token Ring Network

22.8 HSRP SNMP Support

22.9 Increasing HSRP Security

22.10 Showing HSRP State Information

22.11 Debugging HSRP



23. IP Multicast

23.1 Configuring Basic Multicast Functionality with PIM-DM

23.2 Routing Multicast Traffic with PIMSM and BSR

23.3 Routing Multicast Traffic with PIM-SM and Auto-RP

23.4 Configuring Routing for a Low Frequency Multicast Application

23.5 Configuring CGMP

23.6 Static Multicast Routes and Group Memberships

23.7 Routing Multicast Traffic with MOSPF

23.8 Routing Multicast Traffic with DVMRP

23.9 DVMRP Tunnels

23.10 Controlling Multicast Scope with TTL

23.11 Using Administratively Scoped Addressing

23.12 Exchanging Multicast Routing Information with MBGP

23.13 Using MSDP to Discover External Sources

23.14 Converting Broadcasts to Multicasts

23.15 Showing Multicast Status

23.16 Debugging Multicast Routing



A. External Software Packages



B. IP Precedence, TOS, and DSCP Classifications



Index